Does Aristotelian logic describe human reasoning? Valid syllogisms and canonical models
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
A Computational Logic Approach to Syllogisms in Human Reasoning
Abstract. Psychological experiments on syllogistic reasoning have shown that participants did not always deduce the classical logically valid conclusions. In particular, the results show that they had di culties to reason with syllogistic statements that contradicted their own beliefs. This paper discusses syllogisms in human reasoning and proposes a formalization under the weak completion sema...
متن کاملDynamic Reasoning with Qualified Syllogisms
A gualij%e~ syllogism is a classical Aristoteiean syllogism that has been “qualified” through the use of fuzzy quantifiers, likelihood modifiers, and usuality modifiers, e.g., “Most birds can Ry; Tweety is a bird; therefore, it is likely that Tweety can fly.” This paper introduces a formal logic Q of such syllogisms and shows how this may be employed in a system of nonmonotonj~ reasoning. In pr...
متن کاملModels for Modal Syllogisms
A semantics is presented for Storrs McCalΓs separate axiomatizations of Aristotle's accepted and rejected polysyllogisms. The polysyllogisms under discussion are made up of either assertoric or apodeictic propositions. The semantics is given by associating a property with a pair of sets: one set consists of things having the property essentially and the other of things having it accidentally. A...
متن کاملSyllogisms in Rudimentary Linear Logic, Diagrammatically
We present a reading of the traditional syllogistics in a fragment of the propositional intuitionistic multiplicative linear logic and prove that with respect to a diagrammatic logical calculus that we introduced in a previous paper, a syllogism is provable in such a fragment if and only if it is diagrammatically provable. We extend this result to syllogistics with complemented terms à la De Mo...
متن کاملLogic, probability, and human reasoning.
This review addresses the long-standing puzzle of how logic and probability fit together in human reasoning. Many cognitive scientists argue that conventional logic cannot underlie deductions, because it never requires valid conclusions to be withdrawn - not even if they are false; it treats conditional assertions implausibly; and it yields many vapid, although valid, conclusions. A new paradig...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences
سال: 2016
ISSN: 2223-2621
DOI: 10.5782/2223-2621.2016.19.2.5